All brace connections must be secured. Vehicles and heavy equipment should always be kept clear of the scaffold base. Scaffolding, also called scaffold or staging, is a temporary structure used to support a work crew and materials to aid in the construction, maintenance and repair of buildings, bridges and all other man-made structures.Scaffolds are widely used on site to get access to heights and areas that would be otherwise hard to get to. 9. To ensure scaffolding safety, the scaffold must be built under the supervision of a competent person; someone who has been thoroughly trained on safe work practices when working on scaffoldings. Resist penetration by objects and absorb the shock of a blow. Scaffold planks should extend over their end supports not less than 6 inches nor more than 18 inches. 1. The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds must be plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and displacement. a. When two single-point adjustable suspension scaffolds are combined to form a two-point adjustable suspension scaffold, the resulting two-point scaffold shall comply with the requirements for two-point adjustable suspension scaffolds in paragraph (p) of this section. This means that whatever you're working on won't be tilted or sloped in any way. . Ray ID: 7a19bde4e8771d14 Extreme weather or damage to structural components can also affect a scaffold's stability. Remote detonators to implode a structure Rope connections shall be such that the platform cannot shift or slip. Do not erect, dismantle or alter a scaffold unless under the supervision of a competent person. Secure access to the scaffold. Scaffold support beams shall be installed on edge. Personal Fall Arrest System, Guardrail System, or 3/4 inch (1.9 cm) grabline or equivalent handhold securely fastened beside each crawling board. Scaffolds are commonly used in construction work so workers have a safe, stable work platform when work cannot be done at ground level or on a finished floor. 1926.452 (c) (4) No employee is on any part of the scaffold which extends outward beyond the wheels, casters, or other supports. Pump jack brackets, braces, and accessories shall be fabricated from metal plates and angles. Runners shall extend over a minimum of two poles, and shall be supported by bearing blocks securely attached to the poles. Nothing should lean in any direction. The three main scaffold types are aerial lifts, supported scaffolds and: suspended scaffolds Because using cranes or derricks to hoist personnel poses a serious risk to the employees being lifted, any cranes and derricks that hoist personnel must: -- Be placed on a firm foundation and be uniformly level within 1 percent of level grade Before an abrasive wheel is mounted, it should be inspected closely and: Sound- or ring-tested to ensure that it is free from cracks or defects. Cloudflare is currently unable to resolve your requested domain. Scaffolding is used for renovations, construction, maintenance, installations, and much more. Employers must provide a training program that teaches employees who might be exposed to fall hazards: How to recognize such hazards and how to minimize them. fabricated frame scaffold, the mobile scaffold, the tube and coupler scaffold, the system Any alteration of the original equipment shall be approved by the manufacturer. Place the planks. Any part of a building or structure used to support the scaffold shall be capable of supporting the maximum intended load to be applied. A scaffold should always be erected: Choose one answer. U-bolt wire rope clips shall not be used on any wire rope used to secure brackets or to serve as an anchor for personal fall arrest systems. When guardrails are used for fall protection, a workbench may be used as the toprail only if it meets all the requirements in paragraphs (g)(4)(ii), (vii), (viii), and (xiii) of 1926.451. Work benches shall not be used as scaffold platforms. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. Plumb and level the scaffold as it is being erected. Scaffolding is not to be erected, moved, dismantled or altered unless supervised by a . least three examples of incorporating each of the elements. A. Scaffold base must be set on base plates and an adequate sill or pad to prevent slipping or sinking and fixed therto wher required. The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds must be plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and displacement. Crawling boards shall extend from the roof peak to the eaves when used in connection with roof construction, repair, or maintenance. Scaffolds made of wood shall be reinforced with gussets on both sides of each corner. Because there is always the chance that the wheel wasnt sound and could disintegrate or explode. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. One or more platforms supported by outrigger beams, brackets, poles, legs, uprights, posts, frames, or similar rigid supports. constructing, using, and dismantling a scaffold is vital to protecting workers. Many precautions must be taken before scaffolding work can commence. . An employee may wear stilts on a scaffold only if it is a large area scaffold. C. Workplace and engineering controls If the use of a power tool can result in flying sparks, metal shavings, wood chips, splashes, or other debris, workers should: Any man-made cavity, depression, trench or cut in the earths surface formed by earth removal. A training program to teach proper lifting techniques should cover: Knowledge of the basic anatomy of the spine, muscles, and joints of the trunk. Supported scaffold poles, legs . An estimated 2.3 million construction workers, or 65 percent of the construction industry, At holes, guardrail systems must be set up: The top edge of a guardrail must be from 39 to 45 inches above the walking/working level, and there must also be a means of protection from: Falling objects between top rail and walking surface. You can read the details below. C. To send every worker home whole and healthy every day OSHA 10-Hour Construction Course: Module 5 Scaffolds Page 1 of 22 D. Rope-ladder scaffolds. D. All of the above. Employees shall not be allowed to ride on scaffolds unless the following conditions exist: The surface on which the scaffold is being moved is within 3 degrees of level, and free of pits, holes, and obstructions; Outrigger frames, when used, are installed on both sides of the scaffold; When power systems are used, the propelling force is applied directly to the wheels, and does not produce a speed in excess of 1 foot per second (.3 mps); and. Platforms shall be of the ladder-type, plank-type, beam-type, or light-metal type. Electric shock occurs when: A. Bearers shall be installed transversely between posts, and when coupled to the posts, shall have the inboard coupler bear directly on the runner coupler. Scaffolding refers to the plant components and materials that, when assembled, form a scaffold. Window jacks shall not be used to support planks placed between one window jack and another, or for other elements of scaffolding. prevented every year. Chicken Ladder. The critical first step in developing a comprehensive safety and health program is to identify physical and health hazards at a work site. Scaffolds are commonly used in construction work so that workers have a safe, stable platform on which to work when work cannot be done at ground level or on a finished floor. The blocks for fiber or synthetic ropes shall consist of at least one double and one single block. Frames and panels shall be braced by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, or combination thereof, which secure vertical members together laterally. Electric shock occurs when: Workers need to take which of the following common-sense steps to protect themselves from falls through skylights and roof and floor openings? The type of fall protection required will depend upon: The four main causes of crane accidents are contact with power lines, overturns, falls and mechanical failure. 6. Scaffolds not specifically addressed by 1926.452, such as but not limited to systems scaffolds, must meet the requirements of 1926.451. Mechanical demolition refers to demolition using equipment like: A. Wrecking balls or jackhammers You might get some help from www.HelpWriting.net Success and best regards! Employers must provide employees with effective information and training on hazardous chemicals in their work area: At the time of their initial assignment. Scaffolds shall be suspended from metal outriggers, brackets, wire rope slings, hooks, or means that meet equivalent criteria (e.g., strength, durability). Install a suitable means of access, such as a sloping or vertical ladder secured to the scaffold at the landing point. Neither the operator nor anyone else should ever stand directly in front of the wheel of an abrasive power tool as it accelerates to full operating speed. 1926.452 - Additional requirements applicable to specific types of scaffolds. Cross braces must keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square; All brace connections must be secured to prevent dislodging; Frames and panels must be joined together vertically by coupling or stacking pins or equivalent means; Frames and panels must be locked together to prevent uplift (separation of a Boatswains' chair tackle shall consist of correct size ball bearings or bushed blocks containing safety hooks and properly "eye-spliced" minimum five-eighth (5/8) inch (1.6 cm) diameter first-grade manila rope, or other rope which will satisfy the criteria (e.g., strength and durability) of manila rope. Scaffolding must be installed by a competent person, following regulations, the manufacturer's instructions, and good engineering practice. Which of these is required if the workers body, hands or clothing may come into contact with moving parts? General. A. SCAFFOLD BASE MUST BE SET ON AN ADEQUATE SILL OR PAD to prevent slipping or sinking and fixed thereto where required. As an example, even in this day of steel and iron, scaffolds made from DO NOT ERECT, DISMANTLE OR ALTER A SCAFFOLD unless under the supervision of a qualified person. "Bricklayers' square scaffolds (squares). If a machine has an exposed pulley and conveyor but the portion of it that is exposed is well underneath the machine, the employer: Must ensure all exposed and accessible sections of the machine are guarded. 3. Introduction Overhead supporting members (roof structure, ceiling beams, or other structural members) shall be inspected and checked for strength before the scaffold is erected. Boatswains' chair seat slings shall be a minimum of five-eight (5/8) inch (1.6 cm) diameter fiber, synthetic, or other rope which will satisfy the criteria (e.g., strength, slip resistance, durability, etc.) Scaffolds shall be equipped with additional independent support lines, equal in number to the number of points supported, and of equivalent strength to the suspension ropes, and rigged to support the scaffold in the event the suspension rope(s) fail. Then a few days before the scaff o l d materials are delivered, make a final jobsite check for the following items. which of the following statements is false? scaffolds shall be braced by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, by restrained platforms, or by other equivalent means - the erected scaffold must be level, square, and plumb; the working platform must be fully decked; casters shall have rubber or similar resilient tires with wheels having a minimum diameter of 5" all scaffold casters shall . common. Hard hats must be worn by all persons erecting, moving, dismantling or using scaffolding. These rules were combined under the umbrella of OSHA. How to Erect Access Frame Scaffolding How to Erect Access Frame Scaffolding www.worksafebc.com Select . True or False: Only personnel instructed in the requirements of the standard and the task to be performed along with their tools, equipment and materials needed for the job are allowed on the platform. When two by fours are spliced to make a pole, mending plates shall be installed at all splices to develop the full strength of the member. C. Wear goggles or safety spectacles D. Stop using the tool, A. ( 2) Diagonal braces shall be installed on all sides of each square. Ladders are used to provide access to different levels of the scaffold, although sometimes steps will be used to improve safety. The SlideShare family just got bigger. Appropriate fall protection may be required by the competent person for such activities or where the scaffolding is considered incomplete (i.e. The employer shall ensure that materials shall not be dropped to the outside of the supporting structure. The posts shall not be spaced more than 2.0 Mtrs. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. The following requirements do not apply to two-point adjustable suspension scaffolds used as masons' or stonesetters' scaffolds. Cyber Awareness Challenge 2022 Answers And Notes. Always use . True or False: Once a fall protection device has been inspected by a competent person and deemed safe for use by an employee, it is up to the employee to inspect it regularly and ensure that it still meets OSHA requirements. Scaffold levels used only as a walkway must have what, planking or decking at least 18 inches wide or fall protection must be provided and used, Before builders can permit the use of a scaffold what must be done, Fall protection systems and falling object protection must be installed on any scaffold more than 10 feet above a lower level, The most effective protection to shield employees from falling objects is, Installing debris nets, canopies, and screens, Whats the definition of a Supported scaffold. If this is the approach at your job site, then: You must clean and disinfect the eyewear between each use. Scaffolding Injuries Approximately 2.3 million construction workers work on scaffolds regularly. Posts must be accurately spaced, erected on suitable bases, and maintained in plumb. uses. Each bearer shall be securely fastened to the platform. The three main scaffold types are aerial lifts, supported scaffolds and: A. Tubular scaffolds In addition to the applicable requirements of 1926.451, the following requirements apply to the specific types of scaffolds indicated. Found a mistake? All diagonal . Crawling boards shall be secured to the roof by ridge hooks or by means that meet equivalent criteria (e.g., strength and durability). An access ladder or equivalent safe access must be provided. Just a few example you can find fast on the interwebs, NFI . By the user only b. Plumb c. By a contractor d. Plumb and level e. Level c Safe rigging practice dictates that weight estimates of objects to be lifted, when the objects are relatively lightweight, should be accurate within plus or minus _____. All planking must be Scaffold Grades, or equivalent, as recognized by approved grading rules for the species of wood used. Wire ropes shall be continuous and without splices between anchors. 10. The four lifting principles that govern a cranes mobility and safety during lifting operations are: Center of gravity, leverage, stability and structural integrity. Scaffolding must be erected, dismantled or moved by qualified employees that are supervised by a competent person. fold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," starting with the first bay because every degree that the scaffold is off level at the lower level is magnified as it is raised in height. Scaffolds are a type of temporary work platform that is used to support workers, tools and materials. No Free-standing scaffolds be higher than 4 times the minimum base dimension. Scaffolds shall be braced by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, or combination thereof, to prevent racking or collapse of the scaffold and to secure vertical members together laterally so as to automatically square and align the vertical members. What Is The Molar Mass Of Calcium Chloride? Each turnbuckle shall be connected to the other end of its rope by use of an eyesplice thimble of a size appropriate to the turnbuckle to which it is attached. Scaffold casters and wheels shall be locked with positive wheel and/or wheel and swivel locks, or equivalent means, to prevent movement of the scaffold while the scaffold is used in a stationary manner. When horses are arranged in tiers, each horse shall be placed directly over the horse in the tier below. Crawling Board. A scaffold is a temporary, elevated platform that construction workers use for working safely at elevations. This scaffold is simply a rope attached to a harness with an assembly like a boatswains chair for the worker to sit in. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. "Multi-point adjustable suspension scaffolds, stonesetters' multi-point adjustable suspension scaffolds, and masons' multi-point adjustable suspension scaffolds.". Runners and bearers must be installed on edge. 1. Scaffolds must be erected, dismantled, or moved only by properly trained workers. The mission of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is: To send every worker home whole and healthy every day. Using cranes to hoist material can have serious consequences if the process is not performed properly. The inboard ends of outrigger beams shall be securely anchored either by means of braced struts bearing against sills in contact with the overhead beams or ceiling, or by means of tension members secured to the floor joists underfoot, or by both. A training program to teach proper lifting techniques should cover: A. 6, 1979, as amended at 55 FR 47687, Nov. 14, 1990; 61 FR 46025, Aug. 30, 1996; 85 FR 8736, February 18, 2020], Occupational Safety & Health Administration. Scaffolds over 125 feet (38.0 m) in height above their base plates shall be designed by a registered professional engineer, and shall be constructed and loaded in accordance with such design. 6. Passage may be made from one platform to another only when the platforms are at the same height, are abutting, and walk-through stirrups specifically designed for this purpose are used. Scaffolds shall be stabilized to prevent tipping during movement. Scaffolds must be constructed of suitable structural materials. Runners shall be erected along the length of . When horses are arranged in tiers, the legs of each horse shall be nailed down or otherwise secured to prevent displacement. work on scaffolds frequently. Scaffolding means a convenient platform for persons to work at height. For example, if lumber is used, it must be construction grade or Number 1 Grade spruce. Wooden bracket-form scaffolds shall be an integral part of the form panel. Which of the following is an element of a hearing conservation program? All ladders used in conjunction with step, platform and trestle ladder scaffolds shall meet the pertinent requirements of subpart X of this part -- Stairways and Ladders, except that job-made ladders shall not be used to support such scaffolds. when do Falls from scaffolds most likely occur, Guards rails must have a minimum height of _______and they must be installed where, 38 inches and along the open sides and ends of a scaffold, Guardrails are not needed on the fromt ( building side) of the scaffold when, 1. the front end of all platforms is less than 14 inches from the face of the work 1926.454 e) must be made of pipe E WCB Regulations state: Tubular and similar type section scaffolding shall be erected plumb and _____. Instant access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, podcasts and more. If a worker on a scaffold can fall more than 10 feet, they must be protected by guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems (PFAS). Scaffolds shall be constructed in accordance with paragraphs (a), (b), or (c) of this section, as appropriate. USA (v. 2008) 2 Topics of DiscussionTopics of Discussion AwarenessAwareness Types of ScaffoldingTypes of Scaffolding Scaffolding BasicsScaffolding Basics Erecting ScaffoldsErecting Scaffolds Inspection ofInspection of ScaffoldsScaffolds Do's and Don'tsDo's and Don'ts Photo of Engelmann Gym scaffold (under construction, fall 2005)Photo of . Add lukewarm water to two plastic cups. Why? 1. Knowing Step 1 Select and prepare the ground area. Activate your 30 day free trialto unlock unlimited reading. The following are the phases that need to be considered for safe installation and use of scaffolding: 1. What happens to the temperature of the water relative to that of the untreated water? The ropes shall be securely attached to the needle beams. B. Personal Fall Arrest System. The scaffold must be erected on adequate soleplates and the foundation on which the soleplates are placed must have the sufficient bearing capacity to support the imposed loads transferred from the scaffold. Each pump jack bracket shall have two positive gripping mechanisms to prevent any failure or slippage. Chemical manufacturers and importers must convey the hazard information they learn from their evaluations to downstream employers by means of labels on containers and: Under the new HAZCOM/GHS requirements for Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) they must now have 16 total Sections. Two-point scaffolds shall not be bridged or otherwise connected one to another during raising and lowering operations unless the bridge connections are articulated (attached), and the hoists properly sized. Tap here to review the details. A scaffold is a temporary structure erected to support access or working platforms. Scaffolding tagging is a safety-oriented practice of thoroughly inspecting erected scaffolding systems and subsequent tagging to ensure properly communicated specifications. The cross braces shall be of such length as will automatically square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, level, and square. The platform shall be securely fastened to hangers (stirrups) by U-bolts or by other means which satisfy the requirements of 1926.451(a). Stilts shall be properly maintained. Before the start of each work shift, it is mandatory that: A competent person inspects the scaffold before the start of each work shift. Most of these incident happen because of improper erection of the scaffold, inappropriate use by workers and the lack of inspection and maintenance of the scaffold after it has been erected. Catenary Scoffold. ERECTED SCAFFOLDS SHOULD BE CONTINUALLY INSPECTED by users to be sure that they are maintained in safe condition. "Two-point adjustable suspension scaffolds (swing stages)." Do not abuse or misuse the scaffold equipment. Because using cranes or derricks to hoist personnel poses a serious risk to the employees being lifted, any cranes and derricks that hoist personnel must: A. Simple pretensioned beams and slabs of spans up to about 7 meters (23 feet): Can be demolished in a manner similar to ordinary reinforced concrete, True or False: Electrical detonators can be inadvertently triggered by stray RF (radio frequency) signals from two-way radios. Accurately spaced, erected on suitable bases, and much more physical and health (. All sides of each corner of two poles, legs, or moved by qualified employees that supervised... Stilts on a scaffold is a safety-oriented practice of thoroughly inspecting erected scaffolding systems and subsequent to... A harness with an assembly like a boatswains chair for the worker to in. 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